Installing a CNC lathe requires strict adherence to standard procedures to ensure accuracy and operational stability. The specific process is as follows:
Pre-installation Preparation
● Environmental Requirements
Location Selection: The CNC lathe should be located away from vibration sources, protected from direct sunlight and heat radiation. The ambient temperature should be maintained between 0-45°C and the relative humidity should be ≤90%. If there are vibration sources near the CNC lathe, anti-vibration trenches should be installed around the foundation.
Foundation Construction: Construct the foundation according to the CNC lathe manual, reserving holes for anchor bolts. Precision machines require multiple support points with iron shims, while standard machines can use support pins or vibration-damping pads for leveling.
Power Supply Configuration: The CNC lathe's power grid voltage fluctuation should be controlled within -15% to +10%. If it is unstable, a voltage stabilizer should be installed. The CNC lathe power cable must have a specified cross-sectional area (e.g., 5.5-14 mm²) and be grounded at a single point for safety.
● Unpacking Inspection
Inspect the CNC lathe packaging for external integrity. If any damage occurs, notify the shipping department for inspection and accountability.
After unpacking the CNC lathe, first remove the accompanying documentation (such as the packing list and manual) and count the parts, cables, and tools according to the list.
Confirm whether the contract includes installation and commissioning services at the manufacturer. If so, notify the CNC lathe manufacturer to dispatch personnel.
Equipment placement and transportation
● Lifting Specifications
Use the dedicated lifting tools provided by the CNC machine manufacturer, or lift with wire rope according to the specified locations in the manual. During lifting, use blocks or pads to prevent slipping. Move the tailstock to the right end of the machine and lock it, keeping the base level.
When lifting to 100-200 mm above the ground, check the suspension for stability and then slowly lower it to the installation location.
● Transportation Methods
When lifting a single box, prevent impact and vibration. When handling, rollers should have a diameter of 70-80 mm and the ground slope should be ≤15°.
Equipment leveling and securing
● Preliminary Leveling
Place the CNC machine tool on the foundation and use a spirit level to adjust the level while it is free. The level reading for ordinary machine tools is ≤0.04/1000mm, and for high-precision machine tools, ≤0.02/1000mm.
The leveling reference surface should be selected on the main working surface (such as the guide rail surface). Medium-sized and larger CNC machine tools should use multiple support shims, which should be placed as close to the anchor bolts as possible.
● Securing the Anchor Bolts
CNC lathes require evenly tightening the anchor bolts, ensuring that the bed does not twist or deform during the tightening process.
After the cement has set, remove the wedge shims and fine-tune the level using the adjustment bolts. Recheck the level six months after installation and annually thereafter.
Cleaning and connection
● Component Cleaning
Remove the anti-rust paint from mounting surfaces, guide rails, and moving surfaces. Wipe with a cotton or silk cloth soaked in detergent. Do not use cotton yarn or gauze.
After cleaning, apply the specified lubricant to the machine tool. Check that all parts are properly lubricated and that the coolant tank is fully filled with coolant.
● Pipe Connections
Connect the cables, oil pipes, and air pipes according to the electrical wiring diagram and hydraulic/air circuit diagrams, ensuring that the connector labels match.
Clean and secure the cable plugs. Tighten the oil/air pipe connections to prevent leakage. Ensure the oil level in the hydraulic station and lubrication system reaches the indicated level.
Power-on test and debugging
● Pre-Power-On Inspection
Check the CNC lathe's electrical control box and components to ensure they are functioning properly, and that the integrated circuit board is in place.
Use a phase sequence meter to confirm the power phase sequence to avoid incorrect inputs that could cause system alarms or component damage.
● Test Run Procedure
Start the CNC lathe's centralized lubrication system and fill all lubricating areas with lubricant.
Connect the CNC lathe's oil pump and coolant pump motors, confirm correct rotation, and then reconnect the CNC system power.
Manually move each axis of the CNC machine to check for smooth movement and overtravel limits.
● Precision Adjustment
Fine-adjust the CNC machine bed's level, moving various components on the bed to observe level changes throughout the full travel range.
Verify the CNC vertical lathe's tool change position and motion, and adjust the relative position of the tool loading/unloading robot to the spindle.
Functional Testing and Acceptance
● Functional Testing
Test the CNC machine tool's manual, inching, data input, and automatic operation modes, checking whether the speed commands at each level are correct.
Verify the CNC lathe's auxiliary functions (such as lighting, cooling, and chip removal) and accessories (such as the hydraulic chuck and tool holder) are functioning properly.