Machine tool (Machine tool) is a solid material by physical or chemical methods to process the workpiece of the dynamic load, generally refers to the processing material of the metal workpiece based on the machine tool. Machine tools are also known as "machinery for manufacturing machinery", the industrial mother machine of manufacturing. According to its function, it can be divided into cutting type and forming type. Metal cutting machine tools include: machining centers, various types of CNC machine tools and non-CNC machine tools; Metal forming machine tools include: bending machines, stamping machines, presses, shearing machines, etc.
CNC machine tool is composed of three parts: machine tool body, transmission system and numerical control system, which synthesizes many technical points and reflects the development level of the manufacturing industry. CNC machine tools are the key production equipment for parts with complex profiles and are difficult to handle products that are difficult to handle by ordinary machining methods.
CNC machining center is a high-efficiency automatic machine tool for processing complex parts on the basis of CNC milling machine, plus tool magazine and automatic tool changing system. CNC machining centers are classified according to their structural forms, which can be divided into vertical machining centers, horizontal machining centers and gantry machining centers.
Vertical machining center: refers to the machining center with the spindle axis and the table set perpendicularly, mainly suitable for processing plates, discs, molds and small shell complex parts. Vertical machining centers can perform milling, boring, drilling, tapping and cutting threads. The vertical machining center is at least three-axis two-linkage, and generally three-axis three-linkage. Some can be controlled by five or six axes. Vertical machining center is the CNC machining center with the largest number of manufacturers, the largest output and the widest range of applications.
Horizontal machining center: is a machine tool that realizes milling processing through the mechanism of horizontal layout of the spindle, and the manufacturing difficulty is greater than that of the vertical machining center. The machining center has a short working stroke and high processing accuracy, and is mainly used for precision machining of milling, boring, tapping and other processes of various box parts.
Gantry machining center: refers to the axis of the spindle and the table perpendicular to the machining center, the overall structure is a large machining center machine composed of double columns and top beams to form a portal structural frame, and there are beams in the middle of the double columns. It is particularly suitable for machining large workpieces and workpieces with complex shapes. Gantry machining center belongs to three types of machining centers, medium and large and heavy equipment.
High-end CNC machine tools can realize high-precision, high-complexity, efficient and high-dynamic processing CNC machine tools, with obvious technical advantages. High-grade CNC machine tools are heavy-duty machine tools, mainly serving energy, aerospace, ships, military and other important fields of large/large specification parts, only a few enterprises have the ability to manufacture super large heavy-duty airports.